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By Marjorie Dorfman “Three nickels will get you on the subway, but garlic will get
you a seat.” ~Old New York saying. Have you ever been curious about why garlic smells the way
it does? Well, wonder no more. Read on about this hearty
and versatile member of the lily family and find out how it
came to be on everyones breath everywhere you would
think to look. If body movements denote their own language and a picture
is worth a thousand words, then how many smells make up
a sentence? Depends on the sentence, you might say. Well,
thats true. “Jack and Jill went up the hill” doesnt fare quite
the same with our nostrils as: “The garlic in Grandmas
carbonara wafted into the dining room, making all of our
mouths water.” “Smells by any other name are still smells”,
as one of my neighbors who was never without her gas
mask used to say. Certainly within the animal kingdom,
smells comprise their very own form of communication. My
contention is that so does garlic; for no matter which country
one calls home and no matter which language is ones
native tongue, the cuisine of almost every culture recognizes
and utilizes garlic in one form or another. In that sense, it is
a second language for everyone who crosses its wondrous,
smelly path. A man named Arthur Baer once said that there is no such
thing as a little garlic. Whether this is due to its magical
culinary power or because there can never be enough
protection against vampires hanging in ones home, is a
matter of opinion. The superstition of garlic as a deterrent
against evil and vampires is deeply rooted in Balkan
folklore. The vampire legend is based partly on a real
homicidal maniac; Vlad Tepes Dracula, whose name
means devil in Romanian. In the fifteenth century, he ruled
Walaachia, which is now part of Romania, as Vlad II and
was affectionately known as Vlad the Impaler to his closest
friends and enemies. (He didnt have many of either by the
time his reign was finished due to his bloodthirsty
predilections.) Bram Stoker and later Hollywood
romanticized the vampire, transforming him into a lonely,
erotic, tragic figure, seeking lovely damsels to free him from
his curse and to join him in an eternal game of chess within
the chambers of his dark and drafty Transylvanian castle. The word vampire comes from the Slavic word obyri or obiri,
which evolved into the Bulgarian word vampir. Some say the
Greek word , nosphorosos, meaning plague-carrier, that
evolved into the old Slavonic word nosferatu is a synonym
for the vampire. In our culture the words are interchanged
often. Many of the early myths lumped vampires, witches
and were- wolves together. It was thought that a vampire
could be changed into a wolf. This would occur whenever
the bat form wasnt in stock and Bela Lugosi was working
on another film. The vampire would enter the house of the
unwary and drink the blood of their children. To protect
themselves, the common people would scatter salt or
seeds around their doors and hang cloves of garlic in their
windows. The vampire was thought to be a compulsive
counter and would have to know exactly how many grains of
salt or seeds there were before he could enter the house.
(This can also be viewed as the beginnings of OCD,
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, which will be the topic for
another article, coming soon to your local theatres.) Warding off vampires along the misty backwoods of
Transylvania is not likely to be one of your biggest concerns
about garlic today. (But then again, who knows?) Garlic has
its own history as well as its own language. Although it is
not certain when it was discovered, it was probably first
dispersed by nomads on the steppes of central Asia several
thousand years ago. As early as the 8th century BC garlic
was growing in the garden of Babylon. Chinese scholars
spoke of it as far back as 3000 BC and there is also a
reference in the Shih Ching (the book of songs), a collection
of ballads said to have been written by Confucius himself.
Garlic was so prized in ceremony and ritual, that lambs
offered for sacrifice in China were seasoned with it to make
them more pleasing to the gods. Garlic was part of the Sumerian diet in the Middle East over
5,000 years ago. By 1000 AD, it was grown all over the
known world, and was universally recognized as a valuable
plant. It was introduced into France by Godefroy de Bouillon,
not the bouillon cube inventor, but the leader of the First
Crusade, who when he returned to France in 1099, was
declared King of Jerusalem. Many cultures elevated garlic
beyond a dietary staple, and suggested that it had medicinal
and spiritual purposes. In ancient Greece, Hippocrates, the
father of modern medicine, used it for treating infections,
wounds and intestinal disorders. Roman legionnaires
attributed their courage and stamina to garlic and took it with
them as they conquered the world, thus spreading its use
and cultivation like bad rumors everywhere they went. Ancient Egyptians worshipped garlic as a God, and its
name was often invoked at oath takings. (It is not known
whether the oath takers first rinsed with mouthwash out of
respect for the nostrils of the gods.) During the era of
Egypts great pharaohs, according to ancient papyri, garlic
served as food, medicine and offering. It was found in the
tomb of Tutankamen and within the funerary complex of
Saqqarah as well as in inscriptions in the pyramid of Giza.
Garlic was so valuable that 15 pounds of it would purchase
a healthy male slave. It is also written that workers building
the pyramids were given garlic (as well as onions and
radishes) each day to help increase their vitality. It was so
important to their diets that it caused work stoppages when
the workers were deprived of their allotted ration. According
to Charmidas, unfaithful Egyptian husbands relied on
garlics unique “scented” properties to hide evidence of
infidelity. They would chew on a clove or two on their way
home from visiting their mistresses so that their whole body
was impregnated with the odor, insuring that a jealous wife
would be unable to detect another womans perfume. Garlic, known by its Latin name, Allium sativum, may very
well be one of Mother Natures greatest gifts to man (and
woman of course.) It is a powerful natural antibiotic. It
reduces blood pressure in hypertension and is useful in
lowering “bad cholesterol”. One advantage to using garlic
for its antibiotic properties is that it does not destroy the
bodys natural intestinal bacteria. It is excellent for use in
colds and infections. Garlic oil is often used to treat
earaches and ear infections, especially for infants and
children. During World War I, garlic was used as a field
wound dressing and antiseptic. It has also been shown to
be an effective treatment for fungal infections, such as
Athletes Foot. The active ingredient in garlic, allicin, is
destroyed when heated, and is only released from the clove
when crushed or bruised. Thus, for most treatments garlic
needs to be crushed or raw. (Stay away. This means you!) Garlic has other uses as well. Peeled cloves placed in a
room are said to ward off disease. The whole bulb is hung
in new homes to dispel negativity and evil spirits. A clove
placed under the pillow of sleeping children is said to
protect them. Dreams of eating garlic means that you will
uncover secrets. (Maybe now you will find out who the
mother of your baby really is!) Garlic is mentioned in the
Bible as being used by the Hebrews to increase and
maintain virility. Early travelers across the Rocky Mountains
inserted garlic into the nostrils of their horses and mules to
prevent them from collapsing due to the lack of oxygen.
Explorers in the mountains of South America chewed wild
garlic to relieve altitude sickness. Native American tribes
treated many ailments with wild garlic, although they were
helpless against the forces of Manifest Destiny and the
eventual demise of their garlicky birthright. For culinary purposes, one rule of thumb to remember
regarding the potency of garlic is: the smaller you cut it, the
stronger the flavor. One raw clove finely minced or pressed
releases more flavor than a dozen cooked whole cloves.
Chopping finely and/or pressing a clove exposes more
surfaces to the air, causing a chemical reaction that
produces that strong aroma. When cloves are cooked or
baked whole, the flavor mellows into a sweet, almost nutty
flavor which makes a surprisingly nice addition to desserts,
such as ice cream or brownies. Whole, unpierced cloves
barely have any aroma at all, while raw garlic is the
strongest in flavor. When sauting, be very careful not to
burn it. If you do, the flavor will turn intensely bitter and youll
have to start all over. And now the issue we have all been waiting for with bated
(or at least somewhat bad) breath. Why does garlic smell
the way it does? When cells are ruptured by cutting or
pressing, they release an enzyme called allinaise
chemically changing the inherent allin into allicin, a
sulfur-containing molecule, which results in that pungent
mainstay found in kitchens around the world. If you are a
garlic lover, its wise to surround yourself with others who
enjoy it as well, or try munching on parsley to rid yourself of
garlic breath. (As far as I know, there is no cure for parsley
breath!) It is said that to rid your hands of the smell after
peeling or chopping garlic simply wash your hands and
then rub them on a chrome faucet. (I dont know. Thats what
they say.) There are many different types of garlic (Allium). Although
only the cultivated variety is utilized medicinally, all of the
other species have similar properties in a greater or lesser
degree. The Crow Garlic is widely distributed and fairly
common, but the bulbs are very small and the labor of
digging them out great. It is frequently found in pastures and
affects the taste of milk when eaten by cows. Ranson garlic
grows in the woods and has a very acrid taste and smell. It
also has small bulbs, which renders it impractical. It is,
however, quite a beautiful plant with broad leaves that
resemble Lily-of-the-Valley and star-like flowers that are a
dazzling white. The Field Garlic is rather a rare plant. Both
this and the Crow Garlic are often used as potherbs or for
flavoring. There are some species of Allium grown in the
garden, whose flowers are even sweet smelling, but they
are exceptions and even these have the garlic scent in their
leaves and roots. All in all, Id say garlic was a pretty good deal. I even like the
smell and am considering marketing it as perfume. (I had
the same idea about manure for horse lovers. That didnt
work but) In his own way, Bela Lugosi lives within the soul
of every dish prepared with garlic; not as a vampire, but
rather as a dinner guest who avoids daylight and mirrors
and knows a good meal when he sees one. If you run into
him among the misty ghosts of Hollywood celluloid, say
hello, for I am a fan. But just in case, try some of the
Vampire Away Garlic Dip provided by The Snack food
Association and included at the end of this article. Its
chilling and frighteningly good with ridged or regular potato
chips to all who dare to eat it. Put in a few extra cloves for
good measure. After all, you just never know whom you
might run into within the Hollywood of your mind. Vampire-Away Garlic Dip 1/2 cup skim milk
1 cup low-fat cottage cheese
2 small garlic cloves, minced
2 tablespoons chopped parsley
2 tablespoons chopped chives
1/8 teaspoon paprika
1/8 teaspoon curry powder
1 teaspoon onion salt Directions: Go to the nearest cemetery after midnight on a chilly night in
October. Blend all the ingredients in the blender until
smooth. Then wait and see what happens. If nothing does,
go home and enjoy your dip because it worked! Starting out writing ghost and horror fiction some twenty
years ago, this freelance writer hails from Brooklyn, N ew
York and currently lives in Bucks County with her many
animals. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Marjorie_Dorfman http://EzineArticles.com/?Garlic-As-A-Second-Language&id=677 buy ativan with overnight delivery
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By Denisse Romero If you have decided that you want to pursue your university studies in the USA, then you are probably full of questions regarding degrees and majors. Well, you are not alone. So, let me tell you a little more about the US higher education system and admissions process. College vs. University Colleges and universities are essentially the same thing. The main difference is that college refers to an institute of higher education that offers a 4-year degree (Bachelor degrees) while universities also offer graduate degrees including Master degrees and PhDs. Colleges also refer to Community Colleges, which only offer 2-year degrees (Associate degrees) and allow students to take general courses before transferring to 4-year colleges and universities. Bachelor, Master, PhD Bachelor degrees are 4-year degrees that focus on one or two academic fields. Bachelor degrees are usually divided in two groups: Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science. Bachelor of Arts degrees usually focus on liberal arts and humanities fields while Bachelor of Science degrees usually focus on science, engineering, technology and business fields. In order to obtain a bachelor degree, you must choose a major. A major is the academic field which you want to study. For example: English, Electrical Engineering, Finance, Biology, Psychology, Philosophy, International Relations, etc. Some universities also require you to choose a minor. A minor is an optional academic field you can study in addition to your major. A minor should not require as much time or effort as your major, and it usually requires just a few courses. Colleges and universities in the USA offer a variety of majors and minors you can choose. One of the most important differences between the US higher education system and those from other countries is that students in the US must take a variety of courses in addition to their major courses. Most students will need to study English, Mathematics, Science, Social Studies and Humanities regardless of their major and minor. For example, Business majors must take English Literature or Art Appreciation as part of their general requirements in addition to their business courses, just as English majors must take Algebra and Biology as part of their requirements. This allows you to be a richer and well-rounded individual ready to give your input in a variety of subjects. Master degrees are graduate degrees, which last 2 or more years, where you can further concentrate and specialize in the field of your choice. You can specialize in a different field than the one you focused on during your undergraduate education (Bachelors). Several students change their minds about their career after graduation and go on to get a masters degree in the field of their choice. In fact, many liberal arts graduates choose to go for an MBA after a couple of years of experience in the corporate world, and some science and engineering graduates choose to go for master degrees in education after acquiring a passion for the education world. Master degrees not only allow you to switch careers, they also give you several advantages including more field expertise, a wider professional network, credibility and better and more job opportunities. PhD and doctorate degrees prepare students for careers in research and academia. In other words, these degrees basically focus on preparing university professors and professional researchers. Research and publications are the main goals of this field, and students must be prepared to dedicate many hours to a specific area of research. PhD programs can last an average of 4 to 7 years. Students usually attend classes for the first couple of years and focus on preparing their dissertation for the remaining years. A master degree is not a requirement for the PhD, but many universities prefer students who have completed graduate studies in their field. Medical Doctor (MD) and Juris Doctor (JD) are professional degrees for students interested in becoming doctors and lawyers respectively. Application requirements for these degrees include a Bachelors degree and an entrance exam MCAT for medical school and LSAT for law school. Admission Requirements Bachelor Degrees: Admission to a BS or BA program requires that you have a High School degree or its equivalent. Most universities also require SAT or ACT scores. International Students who come from non-English speaking countries must also take the TOEFL exam. Master Degrees: Admission to a MS or MA program requires that you have a Bachelor degree or its equivalent. Depending on the program, you will also need to take the GRE exam or GMAT exam (for MBA and Business school applicants). TOEFL scores will be required from international students who come from non-English speaking countries. Note that some universities will waive the TOEFL requirement for applicants who already have a US Bachelors degree. PhD and Doctorate Degrees: Most PhD programs require that you have a Bachelors degree, however preference will be given to students with previous graduate work. GRE or GMAT test scores will also be required. TOEFL scores will be required from international students who come from non-English speaking countries. Note that some universities will waive the TOEFL requirement for applicants who already have a US Bachelors degree. Final Comments Some schools offer joint Bachelor & Master degrees where students can take an extra year (5th year) of classes and graduate with a BS/MS degree. Many universities also offer joint graduate degrees such as MBA/MS, MBA/JD, JD/PhD or M.D./Ph.D degrees. Admission requirements vary from university to university, so it is important that you check with the school websites and/or admissions office to verify what the exact requirements may be for a particular academic program. Denisse Romero Study Abroad and Travel Portal
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By Stephen Fairley The biggest crime in small businesses today goes unnoticed by most outsiders. It is not reported in the media. There are no police reports filed and companies do not even mention it on their websites. People don’t talk about it on the street and employees often overlook it. Even though this crime is rampant among small businesses, it’s presence is so subtle that many business owners fail to recognize when it is happening! Unfortunately, this crime is the same one that is most likely to kill a small business. It is not stealing by employees, burglaries, trivial lawsuits, or industrial espionage. The biggest crime in small business today is the crime of being forgotten. Think about it-you can recover from most other crimes by installing an alarm system, filing patents, or buying insurance, but if your business falls victim to the crime of being forgotten it is on the fast track to failure. There are opportunities every day for your business to be forgotten by existing clients, potential clients, your best employees, surrounding businesses, your neighborhood, vendors, the media, and your potential investors. SIGNS OF THE CRIME Have you fallen victim to the crime of being forgotten? Here are some of the signs of being forgotten: Lowered top line sales Few people visiting your website Less customer inquiries Losing large accounts Losing long-time accounts High employee turnover Inability to attract top candidates to help run your business No “new” news Fewer repeat buyers Less revenue STEPS TO SOLVE THE CRIME There are many things you can do as a small business owner to help people remember you. I am not of the opinion that hiring a big PR company is the only solution. Here are some things you can implement today: 1. Focus on the question that every customer and client wants to know: What’s in it for me? At the end of the day, every client is selfish. With so many things out there vying for their time, attention and money, they have become more and more cynical and self-centered. This is not necessarily a bad thing, but more a self-protective measure. Your job as a small business owner is to tell them what your service can do for them personally and remember-they do not want to spend time looking for the answer. The answer to this question must be one of the first things your clients see on your website and in your company-wide communications. If your clients are going to remember you, you must first answer the question “What’s in it for them?” ACTION STEP: List everything your client receives from your service or product. Closely examine all of your corporate communications with a critical eye. How accurately and consistent are they in answering this question to your clients and customers? 2. What differentiates your service or product from everyone else? If you believe there is nothing new under the sun then you must recognize that for every product or service you provide, chances are very good that someone, somewhere else does almost exactly what you do. Then the question becomes, not WHAT do you do, but HOW you do it. In other words, what is your U.S.P.-your “unique selling proposition”? What can a client get from you that they cannot get from anyone else? Perhaps it is your broad-based expertise or that every solution is completely customized to meet their needs or your company’s 100% satisfaction guarantee. You must determine what differentiates your business from anyone else and market that point. When defining your U.S.P., one of the keys to being remembered is to not use either of these two characteristics: quality or service. The reason is that EVERY business says they provide quality and service (even though we know they don’t). Therefore quality and service have become meaningless when it comes to differentiating your service because every customer EXPECTS quality and service and will not do business with any company that doesn’t have both already. Your U.S.P must be creative, yet accurately reflect who you are and what you offer that no one else does. ACTION STEP: Set aside a few hours this week to brainstorm with your partner and employees on what your company offers that other companies do not. Do some research to find out how other companies in your field are differentiating themselves. Be sure to develop a U.S.P that your clients will not confuse with your competition’s. 3. All of your communication must be emotionally impactful. Anyone can quote statistics or develop an advertisement on a cognitive level, but the most effective way to ensure an impact on your clients is to communicate with them on an emotional level. You must find their “pain.” What is it about their business, life, family, time, or environment that is causing pain? Are they not working or working too much? Is their business growing too fast or too slow? Is their family falling apart? Do they feel too old or overweight? Do they have a hard time tracking their projects or employees? Find their pain and communicate with them on an emotional level about how you can help heal their pain and make their business, life, family, time or environment pleasurable. ACTION STEP: List all of the things you want your customer to feel when they think of your company: excitement about the future, feeling younger or prettier, more balance, more fun, more time, closer to their friends, better organized, safer, etc. Evaluate how well your current communication creates this feeling and specific areas where you want to improve. 4. Distinguish your benefits from your features and communicate them clearly. Features are what your product or service does. Benefits are why your client needs your product or service. For example, a famous company advertises “our servers allow your website to be up and running 99.999% of the time.” That is a feature, but you must also tell your client what the benefit of this is to them. Well, if their on-line business sells $200,000 worth of product every day, then being on-line only 98% of the time will cost them serious money in lost sales. For every feature you have, you must tell your client what the benefit is. Is your product better, faster, cleaner, guaranteed or longer-lasting? Will your service create more clients, decrease turnover, or increase margins? These are all great features, but you must tell your clients how this benefits them specifically. You must get in front of your potential market and detail your specific benefits. Build value into what you do and how you do it. If you fail to clearly communicate what your benefits are to customers, rest assured-your competition will. ACTION STEP: Take a piece of paper and draw two columns on it. Label on side “Features” and the other “Benefits.” List all of the features of your service or product and for every feature state what the benefit is to your target client. Integrate these statements into all of your communication efforts on a regular basis. 5. Reduce the risk of working with you. Many entrepreneurs have products or services that are similar to what much larger, more established companies have. Why should your potential customer buy your product over the big company’s product? Are they taking a risk with a company that may not be around 5 or 10 years from now? Will your 10 year guarantee really mean anything in 10 years? While no one can predict the future of your business, the smart business owner recognizes the need to develop creative ways to reduce the risk of their clients in working with them. ACTION STEPS: List what your company is doing to reduce the risk potential customers see in working with a small, entrepreneurial business. Do you offer a written guarantee? Will you stand behind it? Do you offer a trial period? How have you achieved success with other clients? Will you provide them with case studies on previous clients? Do you have a strong reference list? 6. How effective is your cheapest form of advertisement-your business card? Examine your business card as if you were one of your target customers. Does it tell them succinctly who you are, what you do and how you can help them? If not, perhaps it is time to redesign it. ACTION STEP: Ask several of your existing clients what they think of your business card. What does it say to them? Is it memorable? How could you improve on it? Thank them for their suggestions and implement them in your redesign. 7. Can people find your product or services on the internet? Near the beginning of the internet age only Fortune 500 companies had websites. It was seen as a sign of being on the “cutting edge.” Today that perception has changed. More and more consumers perceive a website as a sign of legitimacy. Many consumers now believe the lack of a company website to be a sign of a questionable business. With an increasing number of ways to create a decent website on a small budget ($2000-$5000), lack of money is not an acceptable excuse any more. Not every business will benefit from having a web presence, but most will. The question is not, “how long can I get away with not having a website?” but, “how many potential customers am I loosing without having a website?” A good website can be a great source of passive income. For those of you who already have a website, how many of you regularly profit from it? How many people are visiting your website every week? What is your conversion rate for these visitors? What percentage of your existing customers found you from your site? How can you better serve your existing clients on your website? What are you doing to increase the visibility of your site on search engines? ACTION STEP: If you do not have a website you should have several REALLY good reasons why not. If you can’t come up with several reasons then you should commit to getting one. If you do have a website, ask the company who hosts your website to site down with you and explain all the statistics about your site (how many unique visitors, how long do they stay, what page do they leave from, how do they find you). After that, sit down with your web designer and talk strategy: how can you increase your search engine rankings, what can you do to covert more customers, does your current site accurately reflect who you are and what your benefits are to your target audience, etc. Stephen Fairley, M.A., RCC is the President of Today’s Leadership Coaching, a premier executive coaching and training firm, and a Registered Corporate Coach (RCC). Today’s Leadership Coaching focuses on Developing Leaders Who Deliver Results. You can contact him at 630-588-0500 or at Stephen@TodaysLeadership.com 2001 by Stephen Fairley. All rights reserved. Please contact author for reprints Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Stephen_Fairley http://EzineArticles.com/?How-To-Make-More-Money&id=276 abuse ambien
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By Amarendra Bhushan Dhiraj INTRODUCTION The volume of research in the field of Behavioural Finance has grown over the recent years. The field merges the concepts of finance, economics and psychology to understand the human behaviour in the financial markets, to form winning investment strategies. THE CONCEPT OF BEHAVIOURAL FINANCE Behavioural finance is the study of the influence of psychology on the behaviour of financial practitioners and the subsequent effect on markets. Principal objective of an investment is to make money. We usually assume that investors always act in a manner that maximizes their return rationally. The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), the central proposition of finance for the last thirty five years rests on assumption of rationality. But it has been proved that people are ruled as much by emotion as by cold logic and selfishness. While the emotions such as fear and greed often play an important role in poor decisions, there are other causes like cognitive biases, heuristics (shortcuts) that take investors to incorrectly analyse new information about a stock or currency and thus overreact or under react. Behavioural Finance is the study of how these mental errors and emotions can cause stocks or currency to be overvalued or undervalued, and to create investment strategies that gives a winning edge over the others investors. I would like to bring out the behaviour pattern of a rational investor. This rational investor is assumed to act rationally in following ways: o Makes decisions to maximize the expected utility. o Fully informed with unbiased information. o Absence of any distortion of judgement based on emotions. It is to be kept in mind that risk resides not only in the price movements of dollars, gold, oil, commodities, companies and bonds. It also lurks inside us in the way we misinterpret information, fool ourselves into thinking we know more than we do, and overreact to market swings. Information is useless if we misinterpret it or let emotions sway our judgement. Human beings are irrational about investing. Correct behaviour patterns are absolutely essential to successful investing - so to be financially successful one has to overcome these tendencies. if we can recognise these destructive urges, we can avoid them. Behavioural Finance combines the disciplines of economics and psychology specifically to study this phenomenon. THE CONCEPT OF BUBBLES IN STOCK MARKET A speculative bubble occurs when actions by market participants’ results in stock prices to deviate from their fundamental valuation over a prolonged period of time. Speculative bubbles are difficult to explain by rational trading behaviour, and theories have been put forward to explain market psychology through behavioural finance1. They propose that when significant proportion of trading activity in the market is characterized by positive feedback behaviour, it may result in asset prices to shift away from their fundamental valuation. This price deviation encourages rational investors to trade in the same direction. Speculative trades are based upon investors’ private information held today, and are designed to provide investors with higher returns in the next period when that private information is fully revealed to the market. This implies a positive correlation in returns as market incorporate the information into prices. Trades due to portfolio rebalancing, or hedging, is not information based, and occurs when a trader may increase (or decrease) his stock holding by buying (or selling) a portion of his stock holding. This will be accomplished by increasing (or decreasing) the stock price to induce the opposite side of the trade. FOCUS ON INTRINSIC VALUE What are the implications for corporate managers? It is believed that such market deviations make it even more important for the executives of a company to understand the intrinsic value of its shares. This knowledge allows it to exploit any deviations, if and when they occur, to time the implementation of strategic decisions more successfully. Here are some examples of how corporate managers can take advantage of market deviations: o Issuing additional share capital when the stock market attaches too high a value to the company’s shares relative to their intrinsic value. o Repurchasing shares when the market under-prices them relative to their intrinsic value. o Paying for acquisitions with shares instead of cash when the market overprices them relative to their intrinsic value. Two things must be kept in mind as regards this aspect of market deviations. Firstly, these decisions must be grounded in a strong business strategy driven by the goal of creating shareholder value. Secondly, managers should be cautious of analyses claiming to highlight market deviations. Furthermore, the deviations should be significant in both size and duration. Provided that a company’s share price eventually returns to its intrinsic value in the long run, managers would benefit from using a discounted-cash-flow approach for strategic decisions. It can thus be summarized that for strategic business decisions, the evidence strongly suggests that the market reflects intrinsic value. INVESTING IRRATIONALITIES Often turbulence in the market isn’t linked to any perceivable event but to investor psychology. A fair amount of portfolio losses can be traced back to investor choices and reasons for making them. I would like to point out some of the ways by which investors unthinkingly inflict problems on themselves : Herding This is a cardinal sin in investing and this tendency to follow the crowd and depend on the direction of others is exactly how problems in the stock market arise. There are two actions that are caused by herd mentality: o Panic buying o Panic selling Holding Out for a rare treat Some investors, praying for a reversal for their stocks, hold onto them, other investors, settling for limited profit, sell stock that has great long-term potential. One of the big ironies of the investing world is that most investors are risk averse when chasing gains but become risk lovers when trying to avoid a loss. If we are shifting our non-risk capital into high-risk investments, we are contradicting every rule of prudence to which the stock market ascribes and asking for further problems. ISSUES One of the most important issues in Behavioural Finance is whether the assumptions of investor rationality are realistic or not. The concept can be explained with the help of an example. Let’s assume that Mr. X invests and manages his portfolio in an efficient market. Here only seconds are available for a response to the news. There are a great number of factors that affect the decision of Mr. X. Further, these factors can affect each other. How can Mr. X draw the right judgements when the information is updated very frequently? Probably Mr. X works on a computer, through out the day, on which a utility function program is installed for his work. Every decision Mr. X is based on the calculation given by his computer. As soon as the portfolio is rebalanced, the computers utility function program analyses new alternatives. This process goes on and on over the course of the day. Obviously, Mr X does not show any joy, when he wins and no panic when he looses. Can a human brain behave like this? We know that a human brain can master only seven pieces of information at any one time. So, how could one possibly absorb all the relevant information and process it correctly? People use simplifying heuristics (shortcuts) in order to control the complexity of information received. Psychological research has shown that the human brain often uses shortcuts to solve complex problems. These heuristics are rules or strategies for information processing, which help to find a quick, but not necessary optimal, solution. Once the information is simplified to manageable level, people use judgement heuristics. These shortcuts are needed to resolve the decision making as quickly as possible. Heuristics are also used to arrive at a quick judgement, they can, however, also systematically distort judgement in certain situations. SIMPLIFICATION BIAS The first step in reducing complexity is to simplify the decision. However it also adds the risk of arriving at a non-rational conclusion, unless one is careful. MENTAL ACCOUNTING People focus on one account (say purchase of share x) in particular when weighing things, relationship with other commitments or accounts (say purchase of share y) are usually ignored. I would like to explain this with the help of an illustration. For instance, Company A produces bathing costumes, and company B produces raincoats. Both companies are new, extremely efficient and innovating, so that purchasing shares in these companies would be a profitable proposition. A financial gain, however depends to a large extent on the whether in both cases, Company A will produce huge profits if the weather is fine, while Company B will make a loss, even though this is kept to a minimum, thanks to its efficient management. The situation is reversed in the case of bad weather. With mental accounting, either investment is risky when seen in isolation. But if we take into account the mutual effect of the uncertainty factor, i.e. the weather, then a combination of both shares become a lucrative, and at the same time secure investment. AVAILABILITY CONSTRAINT Not everybody has same degree of information. Some people prefer to see business news on CNBC TV 18, NDTV PROFIT. But others may like to see the serials on STAR PLUS. Obviously the first one may have more information, as compared to second. REPRESENTATIVENESS This is one of the mental shortcuts that make it hard for investors to correctly analyse new information. It helps the brain organise and quickly process large stock of data, but can cause investors to overreact to old information. For example, if a company is repeatedly giving losses, investors will become disillusioned with this past data, and thus may overreact to past information by ignoring valid signs of recovery. Thus, the stock of the company is undervalued because of this bias. CHLALLENGES Under the paradigm of traditional financial economics, decision makers are considered to be rational and utility maximizing. The assumption of rational expectations is simply an assumption - an assumption that could turn out not to be true. Behavioural Finance has the potential to be a valuable supplement to the traditional financial theories in making investment decisions. The following fundamentals of behavioural finance give us a glimpse of the pitfalls to be avoided. These are the challenges which need to be overcome and addressed. 1. Hubris hypothesis: it is the tendency to be over optimistic. It results from psychological biases. The investor gets swayed by the momentum generated in the markets in recent past. 2. Sheep theory: it is a phenomenon where all the investors are running in the same direction. They follow the herd not voluntarily, but to avoid being trampled. 3. Loss aversion: it says that investors take more risk when threatened with a loss. Thus mental penalty associated with a given loss is greater than the mental reward from a gain of the same size. 4. Anchoring: this causes investors to under react to new information. This can lead to investors to expect a company’s earning to be in line with historical trends, leading to possible under reaction to trend changes. 5. Framing: this states that the way people behave depends on their way decision problems are framed. Even the same problem framed in different ways can cause people to make different choices. 6. Overconfidence: this is what leads people to think that they know more than they do. It leads investors to overestimate their predictive skills and believe they can time the market. RELEVANCE TO INDIAN STOCK MARKETS Behavioural finance holds definite clues and appears apt in the current IPO craze as regards Indian markets are concerned. The herd mentality is evident in the scramble for shares. As the positive information of excess subscriptions comes, more investors enter the bandwagon. When Prices of the stocks start soaring, everyone one is thinking of the same thing: I am going to sell on listing and book the profits. Can money making be so simple? Is life and the financial markets so predictable? One will see investors selling the stocks as soon as they get the allotments. Herd mentality will be at work with people trying to sell faster than the neighbour, thus eroding stock values at a faster rate. Greed thus becomes the graveyard. One needs to understand that there are no shortcuts to earning money. One has to work hard and have patience. It is believed that perfect application of Behavioural finance can make an Indian investor successful, making fewer mistakes. Even if we learn to identify some common psychological and cognitive errors that plague even the wisest investment professional, it may be enough. To put it in Simple words, economic theory starts with a flawed basic premise that the investor is a rational being who will always act to maximise his financial gain. Yet, we are not rational beings, we are human beings. In stock markets, behavioural finance can help explain situations such as why we hold on to stocks that are crashing, foolishly sell stocks that are rising, ridiculously overvalue stocks, jump in late and never find our right price to buy and sell stocks. Let’s take the example of the recent discovery of gas by Reliance industries. The stock starts spurting as everyone starts buying on this news. Newspapers start flashing stories as to the size of such a discovery. But let us analyse the situation without becoming a prey to mental heuristics. Gas has been discovered but the same needs to be drilled which takes a lot of time and money. What is the quality of the gas? How many wells would be needed for drilling? How much time will it take? How much money would be required and what are the plans to finance the same? How easy it is going to be to extract the same? These are all important and pertinent questions. In this time lag there are so many uncertainties the company will have to go through, before the profits are reaped. However, analysts have started predicting the future profitability of Reliance and on such hopes investors start buying the stock at rising prices. This is how mental heuristics work when the brain takes a shortcut in processing information and does not process the full information and its implications. Thus behavioural finance has a pivotal role to play in Indian Capital market. CONCLUSION Knowing the heuristics shall help the investors to which they are susceptible and this will help them in neutralizing to some extent the distortions in the perception and assimilation of information. This will in turn, help the investor to take a rational decision and get a cutting edge over the other not-so-rational investors. More research on behavioural finance should take place not only in asset pricing but also in areas like project appraisal & investment decisions and other areas of corporate finance, so that managers can avoid the decision traps. Psychology and irrational behaviour matter on financial markets. Behavioural finance is relevant in many ways. It educates investors about how to avoid biases, designing long and short term strategies to exploit biases; and being aware that decision-makers in financial markets are human beings with biases. We also need to realize that an implicit assumption of behavioural finance is that their findings at individual level are scaleable to market level. About the Author Mr. Amarendra B. Dhiraj is a frequent speaker at internationally renowned global events, CEO/CTO/CIO Roundtables, Technology Conferences and Symposiums. He hosted and organized the Executive Technology Leadership Forum. He specializes in strategy, innovation, and leadership for change. His strategic and practical insights have guided leaders of large and small organizations worldwide. Amarendra Bhushan has been named to lists of the European Management Guru and is named as Europe’s youngest management Guru and one of the Top most influential business thinkers in the world.
http://www.theerce.com, http://www.indogreek.org
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By Suzanne Zacharia Allergic reactions, what are they? I can go into the medical explanation of allergies. I can explain the allergic reaction in very scientific terms (after all, I am a trained scientist). Let me illustrate with war and peace. First of all, some people are born with an amazing gift for acquiring allergies. In terms of war and peace, this means that their immune systems have the ability to go to war for any reason, good or bad. This type of immune system can deploy a very large army very quickly. It can have bitter feuds with an imagined enemy who is really an ally. What is more, this immune system remembers the perceived enemy so well that an even bigger army is deployed every time the “enemy” is encountered. When this army is out there in the body, eager to fight milk, cats, dogs, pollen, or whatever, it is the presence of the army itself rather than the “enemy” that leads to the next set of events! The presence of the army triggers off a series of chemical reactions in the body leading to the firing of chemical warfare. An overproduction of histamine can result, leading to sore eyes, skin rashes, choked throats, feeling sick, sneezing, coughing, and all the usual misery of an allergic reaction. Left in a state of war for a long time, maybe with many “enemies”, a civil war eventually breaks out, with even more chemical warfare, and the soldiers no longer know why they are fighting, they just fight. The general of this army no longer has control over it and is too tired to anyway. Additionally, the general is too tired to communicate with the other commanders. Anarchy reigns. Invaders enter the country and it is pot luck whether they are seen. If they are seen, the army may be just too tired from all that fighting to ward off this real enemy. This weakens the whole nation, which then continues to produce more soldiers in a state of confusion. The nation is tired of war but has lived with it for so long now, it doesn’t know how to break free. The president, convinced they are the enemy, decides to avoid contact with certain friendly tourists. He instructs all his generals to evade this “enemy” or fight it to the bitter end. But the country is in a state of high alert. People are wary. They are tired. They avoid all of these tourists that the president has announced are the “enemy”. Some time passes and a few people feel unjustly that they had a bad experience with foreign investors. The papers publish this, and the nation, still in a war mood, is whipped into a frenzy. Soon enough, was is fought against foreign investors. They become the new enemy. Soon almost every previously welcome visitor becomes an enemy. The country is now almost always at war with somebody, anybody! Resources are depleted, the nation is tired. There seems no way out. Now imagine a new president taking over, with a new government. The president gathers his generals and explains to them why the enemy is really a friend. The generals go on to reduce the size of their army. The nation rests. Resources are no longer diverted to the war but are spent on education, agriculture, and rebuilding the nation. The nation flourishes. You can choose to let go of allergies. One of these days, common sense will prevail and those of us with the genes that makes us prone to allergies will not need to live in fear. In the meantime, if you have considered treatment, there is a technique that uses no medication, no fear and no nonsense. I have successfully used EFT on myself for allergies and would recommend it to anyone. I have met so many people who have taken control of their bodies and have freed themselves of them. Like my friend Ronny, who became free from his allergy to milk with EFT. Why have war when you can relax in peace? Most of you those reading this will prefer to keep their allergies, but that’s another story. Choose to empower yourself now. Go and see an EFT practitioner that deals with allergies, or learn EFT for yourself. I’m certainly glad I did! My name is Suzanne Zacharia and I am committed to spreading the word about health options. I believe that the more and better options one has, the more choice there is. A virus caught along with 5 other students at university at the end of 1986, plus medical negligence, meant that I got smokers lung at a relatively young age. In desperation for help with my symptoms and quality of life, I turned to complementary therapy, and this is the 11th year I have outlived one doctor’s prognosis. I am now a complementary therapist, author and trainer specialising in “energy” therapy. My company is called New Age London, named by my clients, with some carefully-chosen experts in their fields working with me under the New Age London banner. More details via the links below. http://www.NewAgeLondonTherapies.com
http://www.StopSmokingLondon.com
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By Kenneth Oboh You don’t have to be rich or wear expensive clothes in order
to attract women. But you can certainly use your dressing or
general appearance and image to trigger attraction with
women. Usually when I go out to nightclubs with my friends,
I dress up in sleeveless vests, combat style trousers, big
black boots, a couple of bracelets, a necklace or two and
get this: a pair of lightly tinted sunglasses. Remember this
is at NIGHT. Now, I know you’re probably thinking, “I could never dress
like that to a club, it’s utterly outrageous,” OR “what a
plonker, he must look totally weird in that outfit”, to
“that is sheer madness”. This might not be the kind of image
YOU will ever be interested in projecting but that’s okay,
that’s not the point. What is important is the response I
get from women and how that links into ancient female
psychology to trigger attraction purely based on my
dressing, image and attitude of difference. You should find
ways of adapting the principle to your own sense of style
unique to you to get the results that you’re comfortable
with. So here we go with the example of my experience. I would be standing there with my friends having a drink and
every now and then a girl
would come up, either alone, or with her friends in a group
and say “Why are you wearing dark glasses in here, do you
think you’re Mr Cool or something?” or “Are you a
celebrity?” or “I just want to say that you look totally
ridiculous, do you know that?” and my all time favorite
comment was “Don’t you know the bloody difference between
day and night?” You see, psychologically I know what’s going on here even if
THEY don’t consciously know what it is that is making them
react that way towards me. Now, you might be thinking “yeah
right, a very NEGATIVE reaction.” But now look what ALWAYS
happens next. Let me illustrate with the girl who said
“don’t you know the bloody difference between day and
night?” Right after she said this I smiled broadly and then said
“Heeeeey, you know what, I really can’t tell the difference.
Now that you mention it, I’m hoping you can help me, you do
look like a pretty smart girl. What do you say, deal?” Now,
you know what she did next, (and this kind of response is
typical by the way), she laughed and took my hand, we had a
little dance, (very seductively, I should add), then we had
a little chat. I went back to talk to my friends who were nearby. After about ten minutes she came over, while I was sending a text
message on my phone, started making jokes by asking which
one of my girlfriends I was contacting. I just laughed and
carried on. As soon as I finished she grabbed my phone, put
in her phone number and asked me to please call her later,
before going back to join her friends. I didn’t even call her after that. You know why? Because
that kind of thing happens to me more times than I care to
remember. I say this not to boast, but to really illustrate
the point that being different and individual in your
appearance and image triggers MASSIVE attraction with women.
So you can apply this in whatever way suits your own
sense of style, general appearance or image and you would be
amazed by the response you begin to get with women in your
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By Sandra Eggers Seems like a simple question, dontcha think? I mean, color is just a matter of personal preference, right? Some people like to paint their walls white; other paint their walls chartreuse with burgundy accents. So it makes sense to choose brochure color like you choose wall color andwham! Got another question about brochure creation answered. Or maybe, you choose whatever is the most practical, business-like color (I like dove gray with pinstripes.) Or take a look at the budget and make sure youre spending the least amount. These are all legitimate reasons for selecting the colors of your brochure, correct? Wrong, wrong . . . sorry to say . . . very wrong. You have to approach this decision with the mind of a strategist. Yup, even a seemingly simple issue of color has to be decided strategically. Let me explain. ============================================================== Start with your business ============================================================== The brochure you design represents your business, for better or for worse. It not only represents who you are but explains what you do, how you do it and why anybody should care. And the brochure does this in both graphics and text, particularly through color. Your decision to use black ink and 1 other color (known as two-color) or black and a gazillion colors (depending on the printing equipment, it could be called full-, 4-, or 6-color. )has significance. For example, if you were an industrial photographer, visually showcasing your work is vital to your business success. So in this case you would not want to skimp and go just for a two-color job on uncoated paper. You must opt for the full-color process on a coated paper (either matte or gloss, preferably matte.) The reason? By opting for full-color on coated paper you not only get a colorful brochure but also the coated paper makes the colors and the details to the photographs stand out richly. Personally, I prefer a matte finish or something less than a full gloss. With a matte you get the same nice rich, colorful photos without the potential glare caused by a gloss, making your brochure hard to read. Or heres another example. If youre a bed and breakfast (or similar business that depends upon creating a mood, capturing a feeling) youll also want to use full color. (Believe me,Ive seen a brochure for bed & breakfast in 1 color! Black ink on paper. That did not entice me to stay there.) On the other hand, if your business is providing a service like accounting or legal advice two color will do just as nicely, even with photographs. =============================================================== If youre a non-profit . . . =============================================================== Two-color is especially important if yours is a non-profit organization. And its amazing what a good graphic artist can do with only two colors, giving a very interesting, polished and professional lookto your brochure. You can still tell your story in a very compelling way as well. The reason that two-color is particularly important for a non-profit organization is perception. If you use full-color, your donors or the people you serve may wonder if too much money is going for what many in the non-profit community perceive as a necessary evil marketing. You dont want to raise any doubts in their minds and, most important, you want to be the best steward of the money others have contributed to your organization. Its a mater of integrity and trust. A possible exception to this rule may be if youre creating a special piece for an anniversary celebration or for your high-end donors. Then a good move for you would be to get a grant for the printing and be sure to acknowledge that in your printed piece. That way, theres no doubt raised and you have a piece that communicates well to your target market. So there you have it, even color is a strategic element in brochure creation. Choose wisely. (c)CSC Group, LLC For more than 20 years and now as founder of Purple Eagle Marketing, Sandra Eggers has been writing persuasive marketing copy for clients both big and small, including CNA Life, the Arthritis Foundation and Holiday Inn, helping them attract more customers, increasing their sales. To hire her for your next project, check out: http://purpleeaglemarketing.com For more practical tips, tricks and information to creating effective brochures even if you cant write check out http://brochurecopysecrets.com Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Sandra_Eggers http://EzineArticles.com/?Business-Brochure-Design:-Knowing-How-to-Choose-Color&id=444655 ambien snort
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By Faye Hines Did you know that what youre eating could be making your body toxic? I mean so toxic to point that your body is unable to metabolize food. These little critters, called parasites, feed off of foods that have sugar and yeast. This is what causes people to eat junk food around the clock and never feel satisfied. Therefore, it is vital that you detoxify the body
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By Jim Stroud It is sometimes a comedy of errors to observe the (sometimes) disconnect from reality between recruiters and well-meaning hiring managers. A recent article in VOIP Magazine discussed how a certain HR manager of a certain cable broadband provider contacted a certain expert for assistance in finding experienced IP communications people. It seems that this certain company had made a decision to deploy Voice over IP next year to round out a consumer package. What this certain HR manager wanted specifically, was a Director Of VoIP Operations. Since Director Of VoIP is a brand spanking-new position, involving a new technology, and a new service model for the company, whomever landed that gig would need an excellent understanding of emerging technologies and a crystal clear view of the impact that this service would have on this cable broadband provider’s business model. The writer of the article was not wholly optimistic of the HR manager’s success. Why? Long story short, there are not many people around that fit the job description the HR manager described. And this had me thinking. “Self,” I said to myself, “How would you go about recruiting Bigfoot candidates?” “Bigfoot candidates?” “Yes,” I continue to say to… ummm… myself. “Bigfoot candidates are those candidates that some people believe exist, but most folks accept them as general myth.” Bigfoot citings are not uncommon in HR, as they usually occur whenever new technologies become popular. Case in point, when the JAVA programming language was released in 1995 (or was it 1996?), it was not uncommon to see job postings for Java developers with 5 years (or more) experience. This was laughable on one level and frustrating in every other sense for both recruiters and hiring managers alike. How was a recruiter going to find the perfect candidate when (overall) they did not exist as the technology itself was barely a few months old? I ran into this when I was recruiting Executive and Technical personnel for startup companies in the 90’s. So what happenned back then? Well, some businesses changed their mind on how they chose to proceed on certain projects, delayed their initiatives (until the dotcom bubble burst), or dropped them alltogether. If I could go back in time, I would rattle off a list of what they could do (or I could have done) to find Bigfoot candidates skilled in Java or any other hot new emerging technology. Alas, I can not go back in time; but perhaps you dear reader can benefit from these finite pearls of wisdom. When you are asked to find a candidate with years of experience in a technology that is only a few months old, do one (or all) of the following: 1. Look for the best of the best in last year’s technology. Ask yourself this, “What technology out there is like (fill-in-the-blank) technology?” If (fill-in-the-blank) technology does the same thing as (last year’s technology), but faster, perhaps I can find a potential hire from someone who is really good with (last year’s technology) and potentially could take it to the next level? I should focus on those candidates that innovated (last year’s technology) and really stretched it in different ways. 2. Convince the business to add training time into its development cycle. Explain to your client that experts in (fill-in-the-blank) technology are in short supply and that it would be infinitely easier, more productive and cost effective to train the engineers already on the payroll in (fill-in-the-blank) technology and factor their training with the development cycle of the new product. 3. Consider the source Every technology, has a creator, so consider recruiting the people who invented the (fill-in-the-blank) technology (or buying the company they started). 4. Forget about Beta, go Alpha! Get a working prototype online ASAP and post it online for people to kick around. Pay close attention to those who give the best technical feedback and recruit them. 5. Use your Lego building blocks Look for technology that can perform a portion of what the (fill-in-the-blank) technology can do and then find another and then another. Imagine putting these technologies together (like a Lego set) as a means of competing against the (fill-in-the-blank) technology. Once you have all of the parts together, search the patents behind each piece of technology. Every artist signs his work, so find out who was good at making these pieces and then recruit them as well. 6. Spill the beans This is a risky play and worth it in the end, but I advise doing this ONLY with the full approval of the company (especially the tech department). Leak reports on what you are doing to the blogosphere and study the reactions. I speculate that you will find: A. People who will debunk it as heresay.
B. Who will be impressed and speculate on the final product.
C. People who will not be impressed and cite other companies who are doing similar things and doing it better (at least, in their opinion). You want to pay closest attention to “C.” Why? Elementary my dear Watson, they are providing you information on companies and/or technology that you might not have been aware of. This is intelligence you can use to find more potential hires. Its a sneaky play, but works VERY well if executed correctly. Ummm… At least, I have heard that it works well (wink). When confronted with a Bigfoot search, convince your customer of the time wasted in finding what does not exist (or is extremely rare at best) and steer them in the direction of training the developers they have in the latest technical fashion trend. Afterall, it is easier to build a “Bigfoot” than to waste time looking for one. Still, I am reminded of all those explorers who refuse to believe what is most likely true and pursue a mythical beast that has been seen (only) with a shaky camera. For those recruiters who service clients with similar folktale faith, you have my pity. About The Author Jim Stroud is a “Searchologist” with an expertise in the full life-cycle placement of Executive and Technical personnel, Recruitment Research and Competitive Intelligence. He has consulted for such companies as Google, Siemens, MCI and a host of start-up companies. He presently serves Microsoft as a Technical Sourcing Consultant. Quite recently, Jim Stroud launched “Jim Stroud 2.0,” which is a blog where he rants about the recruiting industry, explains innovative sourcing strategies and whatever else comes to mind. Jim Stroud was nominated for a “Best Blog Award” by Recruiting.com in 2005. Visit Jim Stroud’s blog at: http://blogcharm.com/jimstroud Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Jim_Stroud http://EzineArticles.com/?Bigfoot-Recruiting:-How-to-Find-Talent-That-Does-Not-Exist!&id=141447 snort lorazepam
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By Teddy Shabba If you are thinking about joining an online dating site there are some basic things you need to have access to in order for your online dating adventure to be worth while. 1. Internet Access- If you don’t have access at home, you need to know of somewhere you can go for at least an hour during the initial sign up and registration and somewhat regular access after that so you can check your emails. Nothing is more defeating than to check your email a month later and discover a woman with whom you where attracted to left you a message 3 weeks earlier. Sorry buddy too late! 2. Credit Card- There is no such thing as free personals and if there is it’s free for a reason and that is not a good thing. 3. Digital Pictures of Yourself- A nice current picture of yourself (more than 1 is great) that you can digitally download is best. 4. A good profile- Look at your competition’ profile if you look hard enough you will notice that they all read just about the same. Make yours stand out if your having problems doing this on your own consider asking a friend or hiring a professional. In the long run it will pay off for you big time. Remember men that first impressions count just as much if not more online than off. Most sites have a newbie section and both men and women tend to feast off of this so be ready to make your move quickly. Teddy Shabba is a Dating Coach for Men and creator of Dating Advice and Tips for Men which provides an abundance of information for men on dating and more. If you would like more information on how to attract, seduce and meet women sign up for the Teddy Shabba Dating Advice Newsletter for Men today Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Teddy_Shabba http://EzineArticles.com/?What-You-Need-to-Get-Started-in-Online-Dating&id=247735 lorazepam muscle
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